Palindromic Rheumatism With Positive Anticitrullinated Peptide/Protein Antibodies Is Not Synonymous With Rheumatoid Arthritis. A Longterm Followup Study

Palindromic rheumatism (PR) is usually defined as an inflammatory arthritis (IA), typically involving only a few joints and resolving over a short period of time. Multiple studies have shown that a proportion of patients with PR may develop persistent IA that can later develop into persistent disease classified as rheumatoid arthritis (RA; most common), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), or other forms of IA. Limited data from small studies have previously suggested that biomarkers such as rheumatoid factor and antibodies to citrullinated peptide antigens (ACPAs) can predict which patients with PR will progress to persistent disease, and these factors can guide patient follow-up and management. In this study, Sanmartí and colleagues report on the value of ACPA testing in predicting long-term outcomes in patients with PR seen in a Spanish clinic.

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